My name is Joe and I am from Pleasant Gap which is right outside of State College. I am a freshman and live in East Halls. I enjoy hanging out with friends and riding BMX, I also think college would be a lot better if there was less homework.

Joe's Speech Pages

Speech 2 Outline

Speech 2 Outline

Joe DeArmitt

Introduction

Richard Nixon gave a few speeches relating to Watergate. The speech I’m going to focus on is his third speech in which he released partial transcripts of White House tapes. After reading his long speech and researching further I found that he chose his words very carefully and was trying to draw sympathy from the audience.

Thesis: These partial transcripts directly linked the men that broke into the Watergate Hotel and President Nixon together and proved that he was at fault.

Intro: Nixon started this speech the way he started all of his others; he sat in front of the camera at a desk while his speech lay in front of him. He went on to talk tell the audience that he was going to tell them every part of the events that took place at the Watergate Hotel.

A. Nixon used this exact statement in his speech.

1. “It was almost 2 years ago, in June 1972 that five men broke into the Democratic National Committee headquarters in Washington. It turned out that they were connected with my reelection committee, and the Watergate break-in became a major issue in the campaign (Watergate.info).”

• This is one example of words that were chosen very carefully. As the president of the United States he can’t lie, it would hurt his credibility. Notice how he said “It turned out that they were connected with my reelection committee.” In this statement he is agreeing that the buglers were connected to him but he is also saying well what do you know, I never would have guessed that. Trying to make the public believe that he is just as surprised as they were.

B. Throughout his entire speech Nixon told his audience many things but he also left out a lot of facts. Before the presentation of this speech and the delivery of the partial audio tapes, most of the information was destroyed for not only Nixon’s protection but a lot of others as well.

Transition: Now I would like to take a look at some other examples of how Nixon chose his words carefully and was able to draw sympathy from his audience.

A. Nixon says, “I have been reluctant to release these tapes, not just because they will embarrass me and those with who I have talked-which they will-and not just because they will become the subject of speculation and even ridicule- which they will- and not just because certain parts of them will be seized upon political and journalistic opponents-which they will (Watergate.info).”

1. Not only does Nixon tell the truth and say how he was involved in the events of Watergate, he turns your attention away from his wrongs and says how everyone will attack him for it. And he uses repetition to emphasize this main point, which is he is sure he will be attacked.

Transition: I could read parts of the speech over and over again, and every section has the same meaning in the end; Nixon wants sympathy from the audience. Now let’s take a look at the transcripts that Nixon released to the public.

A. Like I said earlier and in my previous speech a lot of information was destroyed in the Watergate Scandal. If it wasn’t for information leaking out of the FBI and into the Washington Post the Scandal wouldn’t have gotten into the public eye so quickly.

B. According to an article in the New York Times over 1,200 edited transcripts were released, not the real transcripts like Nixon had promised. The New York Times also stated that even though the information was very hurtful and embarrassing to Nixon and his party; it could have been worse.

C. In another Article in the New York Times it stated that Nixon was very concerned about protecting himself politically. Because it was found that 5 telephone conversations were not connected up to the recording device, 2 others were never found, and numerous other conversations never occurred, they were made up transcripts to cover for destroyed evidence.

Transition: As you all know from my previous speech Nixon resigned before his Impeachment trial. In conclusion Nixon quoted a previous president, Abraham Lincoln.

Conclusion: Nixon ended with “I do the very best I know how- the very best I can; and I mean to keep doing so until the end. If the end brings me out all right, what is said against me won’t amount to anything. If the end brings me out wrong, ten angels swearing I was right would make no difference. (Watergate.info)”

A. Nixon continued to try and draw sympathy from his audience the entire time, and he quoted Lincoln because everyone agrees that he was a great president; and he was also trying to get the approval of the public

B. Thesis: These partial transcripts that were released directly linked the men that broke into the Watergate Hotel and President Nixon together and proved that he was at fault.

Feedback

Siama Manzoor - Hey Joe! Great job with your visual aid, you incorporated blank slides and effectively expressed ethos. At times you were a bit monotone and quiet, but you had solid arguements. Nice work!

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Paper 1__

Joe DeArmitt

Cas100c

The American public is constantly bombarded with advertisements on the radio, billboards, magazines, and on T.V. The advertisements that are remembered most usually have an annoying song or in some way deal with sex. Whether it is very obvious with half naked women or has a more hidden meaning that could be interpreted as sexual; it is seen in most advertisements today. The print advertisement I am looking at is just that; it shows a lot of skin and has text that could be interpreted both ways. The line in the image reads “There’s always a temptation to cheat”. And with that text and a picture with two mostly naked people it could mean they are about to cheat on someone else with each other, or they are going to cheat on each other with someone else. But if you take a closer look you will see along the bottom of the picture is what looks like a game of cards; so who really knows what these two people are about to cheat at. This advertisement has a lot going on if you look closely it is obvious that the picture is more than an advertisement for Hard Rock.

To summarize the ad, it shows a heterosexual image, with a fit muscular man and a slim attractive women both who seem to be wet from a swim in the pool behind them. Her feet are still in the pool and she is lying on her stomach and she is holding herself up with her elbows facing the camera. While she is showing a lot of skin she is not completely nude and makes sure to use her arm to cover her top half; the eye makeup seems to be the most covering object on her. While she is looking straight at the camera her hair covers the one side of her face, her skin is wet and she is bighting a card almost like she is teasing the viewer. The top half of the male model is visible in the ad, his bottom half is still in the water. He too is also wet and a portion of his face is covered, but unlike the women in the picture he isn’t looking at the camera. He has his arm over her legs while he is smoking a cigarette. Everything in the photo is either green or blue, which makes the naked skin of the two models really stick out. And use of props is important both for setting the gambling scene, and to give another meaning to the line “There’s always a temptation to cheat”. When you looked at this advertisement for the Hard Rock Café the first thing that comes to your mind isn’t casino in Las Vegas.

The colors used in the ad are very simple; everything is blue, green or a light red. These two colors work very well together because it causes the skin of the two models to really stand out. Blue is also the color of truth and trust which is kind of ironic when looking at this picture. The pool also plays an important role in this advertisement. If the two models in the picture are a couple then the pool has a different meaning if they are two strangers hooking up. If they are a couple then the pool could signify their relationship and she wants out of the pool or relationship while the male is still involved considering he is still in the pool. It is almost like he is holding her back while she is turned away from him and is looking ahead while he is still fixated on her. If this is a one night stand then it is a different story because it looks like the hooking up already happened. She is lying down while he is relaxing in the pool smoking a cigarette and in every movie where a couple had sex after wards the male is usually smoking. It is almost like they are ashamed of what they have done because if you notice her hair is covering her face and a shadow is covering his.

Now let’s take a look at the rest of the advertisement that actually has some connection to the Hard Rock Café. The cloth she is lying on looks like something that would be found on a poker table. It is covered with chips and expensive alcohol, a glass for her and a glass for him. I would also assume that the chips closest to her are actually her chips and the chips by the male models hand are his. Most poker games that I know of the winners are decided by the number of chips you have and it looks like she is winning. So if you ignore the fact that there are two nearly naked people it looks like an interesting poker game is about to unfold. It looks like he just got a high hand and pushed his stack of chips in the middle and she did the same but knocked hers over. He flipped over his cards and has a great hand with an ace of spades and either an ace of hearts or an ace of diamonds. While he smokes the cigarette to calm his nerves she didn’t flip her cards over yet she just started to bite them like she is nervous; she knows she has lost. The only way for her to win at this point would be to cheat and that’s where the line “There’s always a temptation to cheat” comes in. But it’s also kind of funny where he placed his stack of chips because this advertisement didn’t have enough sex in it already, right?

The line in the image reads “There’s always a temptation to cheat”. And with that text and that picture who really knows what these two people are about to cheat at. This advertisement has a lot going on if you look closely it is obvious that the picture is more than an advertisement for Hard Rock. The image tells me a lot but what it doesn't tell me is what it is trying to sell. It's an interesting advertisement, but I'm not buying. I don’t really know what is in the Hard Rock Café but if I had to guess there are attractive people, drinking, and card playing.

Paper 2

Alfred Hitchcock dedicated most of his work to “Suspense thrillers” a genre that he basically invented. Hitchcock believed detail is the key to suspense; he was almost cruel to the audience he was quoted in saying, "There is no terror in the bang, only in the anticipation of it.” “The essential fact is to get real suspense you must let the audience have information” Tension comes through information: “Always make the audience suffer as much as possible”. In the movie “Psycho” this type of directing style can be seen over and over again. Hitchcock’s suspense thriller “Psycho” is filled with subjective camera movements that leads and misleads the audience; it gives the audience information but not enough to actually know what is going on. And at the same times builds the suspense until it is all dropped at once at the end of the movie.

In the opening shot of the movie the audience is introduced to the camera as the gaze of Hitchcock which pans across a normal city skyline as if it is looking for something out of the ordinary. It floats in to a place that no character could. It crosses the boundary of the outside world and into the private intimate world. The camera floats into a very dark window up in a high building that is not seen until it is apparent that the window is the focus of the shot. The way the window is very dark and high up on a building shows that whatever or whoever is inside wants to be secluded and hidden from the movement of the city below. It begins broad with the city skyline and ends up narrow with the window. As the camera enters it brings the audience’s attention to main character for the first half of the movie Marion. It appears she is on her lunch break has just had an affair with another man. In this scene she is wearing a bra which draws the attention of the shot to her even more. It appears there is some type of conflict as both the people are in deep thought and the audience expects resolution of this conflict. As the audience sees her and experiences this conflict filled world she is in; it makes the audience question her morality and wonder what other abnormalities she might be capable of. It pulls the audience into some kind of identification with her; we as an audience want her to be happy and to get passed the opening conflicts. I believe Hitchcock did this to convey a certain type of mood and show that she is going through rough times and he did well in conveying a sense of despair.

In the next scene Marion appears to be returning from her lunch hour as if nothing has happened and continues work as normal. And at this time a lure for her to bite on has presented itself. A man walks in, and the audience can tell this is a man of great wealth by the way he is dressed, and is already bought a piece of property for his daughter. The actually wealth of this man is realized when he pulls out all the money he plans to spend on this house and he is paying in cash. The cash is the lure and is a great distraction for Marion, she won’t take her eyes off of it and the man with the money further makes the situation worse when he waves around in front of her face. The audience can tell that the money is going to play a significant role in the movie by the way the camera movement shows both Marion and the money in it at all times. The audience is almost pleading with her not to take the money because they know it will only make matters worse for the conflict that she is already dealing with. And of course she eventually takes the money and is now escaping from her boss, the rich man who had the money and the conflicts that she constantly finds herself in. Even though taking the money was wrong, the audience wants her to get away without being caught.

When Marion appears in the next scene it is obviously at her home because she is in a bra once again. This bra is different though; it is much darker than the other one, and in every other movie in history Dark usually means bad and white is good, which was the color of the last bra she appeared in. It is also very obvious that she is getting ready to run, she is packing a suit case and the music also leads into the suspicion of her running away from her problems. Now that Marion has gotten away she drives well into the night and is woken up the next morning by a policeman knocking on her window. Marion is acting very guilty as if she is, and the audience knowing more than the policeman knows this is true, insists that she was just tired and pulled over to take a nap. Hitchcock made sure the audience was on Marion’s side at this point the audience wants her to get away and puts us in her shoes when the policeman knocks on her window. We know what she knows not the policeman and as Marion pulls away and he follows her we continue to be nervous. But as she keeps going straight and he turns off we feel relieved. But not for long as Hitchcock makes the audience feels very uncomfortable by turning up the music and making it rain very hard. The music is unbearable and the rain is impossible to see through which makes the audience nervous once again for Marion. After assaulting Marion and the audience with blinding light and the contorted look on Marion’s face for 5 minutes, the music goes silent and she turns off the road. The overwhelming feeling Hitchcock was going for was relief. Norman appears to be perfectly normal; he metaphorically welcomes her with open arms and is the hero in this scene. His hospitality allows us to thank him for presenting relief into the film.

After Marion checks into her room Hitchcock reminds the audience once again of the money as it is waved in front of the camera. With the introduction of the hotel manager Norman, another character is introduced, Norman’s mother and she is the complete opposite of what Norman appears to be. Norman goes off to his home and an off-screen argument between Norman and his mother follows. She is a very cruel and another stressor for Norman, Marion, and the audience. The argument is a very important part of the film; it shows that Norman also has many difficulties in his life and it puts Marion and Norman on the same level. The angry statements made by Norman’s mother might not be directed only at Norman but the audience as well. At this time the audience thinks of Marion as an erotic object and is telling the audience that it is wrong in a roundabout way. The argument also helps establish the first glimpse of Norman’s mother. The view is from a great distance and it is through a window with closed blinds. This signifies the shroud of mystery that is Norman’s mother and the mystery isn’t solved until the very end.

After Norman returns from the conflict with his mother he is a different person, his head is hanging and he is in a different state of mind. He is now shorter with Marion, not as welcoming as he first appeared to be. His conversation with Marion is not as calm as before but in the end he is in good spirits once again. It seems as though he has come to the rescue of Marion once again and convinced her to return home and set things right, return the money and get her job back. So she decides to go to her room and get some rest leaving the audience with a sense of relaxation because they now thing everything is going to be fine after a good night’s rest. When she goes to her room Norman goes back to his office but this time he plans to peep on Marion through a hole in the wall. For the third time, we are offered an intimate view of her in her bra, but this time it is from Norman’s point of view. And after this, Norman stares off screen as if he has thought of a way to deal if his conflicts. The birds in the room are interesting symbol. Obviously they are meant to represent abnormal behavior, but Hitchcock also saw them as symbols owls come out and hunt at night and are watchers just like Norman.

The shower scene is not only the most memorable scene in this movie but arguably one of the greatest scenes in cinema history. In this scene, Marion the lead of the film so far is killed off. The killer is not actually seen the only thing that is seen is the dark outline and the knife of the killer. All of that combined with the loud harsh music builds such suspense in the film. After the killing Norman’s mom disappeared from the shot and left the body, we know that it is Norman’s mom but we don’t see her. Hitchcock gives the audience information but not enough to lose the suspense. The main character is now lying face down in the shower with the water still running and now the room is completely silent. The audience just finally got some closure with Marion and she was going home to make things right. Now the money will never be found and actually doesn’t play an important part of the rest of the movie at all. When Norman comes in to clean up the mess that his mother left behind the audience is rooting for him and the audience doesn’t want him to get caught. After he cleans everything up and puts Marion in the car the audience knows it is wrong but we still are rooting for him. And the same goes for when the car doesn’t go under all the way, the audience is thinking to themselves “I hope it goes all the way down”.

When Marion’s sister and realizes she is gone she begins to get worried and hires a private investigator to find Marion. Eventually he ends up at Norman’s hotel. As the private investigator beings to invade Norman’s privacy we start to root for him. And also at this time we begin to get the bottom of the mystery that is Norman’s mother. As the private investigator wanders up into the house the audience is very nervous for him because they know what Norman’s mother is capable of. He wonders up the stairs very quietly and the shot is from above and shows the entrance to the mother’s room leading the audience to believe she is going to come out. When she bursts out of the room to kill the investigator the music is very loud and startling, and once again her face is concealed so the suspense isn’t lost. The audience still doesn’t know what she looks like but they know she is dangerous. After Hitchcock established the upstairs as mother’s domain, Hitchcock returns to the same space and the same camera to show Norman carrying his mother down the stairs. Now that Norman’s mother is in the basement the audience feels a littlbe better knowing that she won’t come out to kill again. But after Marion’s sister enters the house with Marion’s lover and walk towards the basement the suspense is built up once again. The audience knows that this isn’t going to end well because of the mother’s past. The Terror here is compounded by unveiling the mystery of Norman’s mother. When Marion’s sister walks into the basement and sees the back of Norman’s mom the climax of the movie is reached and the suspense is at its highest point. But after the she is turned in the seat and it is only a skeleton the audience is very confused and when Norman comes running into the room he is portrayed as harmless as he is easily apprehended by Marion’s lover. It is almost comical as he runs into the room with the knife. This is the exact same type of suspense builder used in jaws and many other countless movies. The object is horrifying until it is actually seen at the end of the movie.

"There is no terror in the bang, only in the anticipation of it.” This quote said by Alfred Hitchcock is best applied to the film “Psycho” it gives the audience great suspense by giving them information but no enough to know what is going on. The film is almost toying with the audience as it builds the suspense. This classic suspense thriller is unlike any horror film today in the sense that it doesn’t show a monster tearing people limb from limb but it scares people just the same with suspense only. It allows the audience to build their own mental picture of the monster and that is why it is scary for everyone.